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06 July 2018 : Original article  

Effect of Preformed or De Novo Anti-HLA Antibodies on Function and Graft Survival in Kidney Transplant Recipients

Marcos Vinicius de Sousa1BCEF*, Ana Claudia Gonçalez2BD, Ricardo de Lima Zollner3ADEF, Marilda Mazzali1ADEF

DOI: 10.12659/AOT.908491

Ann Transplant 2018; 23:457-466

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Donor-specific antibodies (DSA), directed against human leucocyte antigens (HLA), are associated with increased risk for graft rejection in kidney transplantation. Anti-HLA antibodies detection by Luminex™ present high sensitivity and accuracy, but its interpretation after transplantation is not completely clear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of anti-HLA antibodies, preformed or de novo, on renal function, graft survival, and incidence of antibody-mediated acute rejection (AMR).

MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort of 86 kidney transplant recipients was divided into 3 groups according to the presence of anti-HLA antibodies before transplantation: donor-specific antibodies (DSA+, n=15), non-DSA (non-DSA, n=39), and negative pre-transplant panel reactive antibodies (PRA) that became positive after transplantation (PRA–, n=22). Forty-nine recipients with negative PRA pre- and post-transplantation were excluded. Antibody specificity and intensity of fluorescence (MFI) and their relationship with renal function, proteinuria, AMR, and graft failure were evaluated.

RESULTS: Among patients who completed 1 year of follow-up, there was no significant difference in serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate, or proteinuria. AMR incidence was 9.5% in the DSA group, 2.3% in the non-DSA group, and 9.1% in the PRA– group. There was no correlation between fluorescence intensity and/or antibodies class (I or II) with increased risk of AMR. Thirteen grafts failed within 1 year post-transplant, there were 9 deaths due to infection, and only 1 due to AMR (PRA– group, DSA de novo at 3 months).

CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to previous reports, we did not find a correlation between incidence of AMR and MFI intensity in this series.

Keywords: Graft Rejection, Histocompatibility Antigens, Kidney Transplantation, Proteinuria

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Annals of Transplantation eISSN: 2329-0358
Annals of Transplantation eISSN: 2329-0358