24 July 2020 : Review article
Kidney Transplantation in the Times of COVID-19 – A Literature Review
Ashraf Imam1ACDEF*, Sadi A. Abukhalaf1ABCEF, Riham Imam1BCD, Samir Abu-Gazala1AEF, Hadar Merhav1ACD, Abed Khalaileh1ABCEFDOI: 10.12659/AOT.925755
Ann Transplant 2020; 25:e925755
Table 3 Clinical Characteristics for the 58 Reported Kidney Transplant Patients Who Encountered COVID-19.
| Variable (n=58) | Value |
|---|---|
| Age (mean, range) | 52.69 (24–80) |
| Sex | |
| Male | 44/58 (75.9%) |
| Female | 14/58 (24.1%) |
| Kidney transplant years age (mean, range) | 7.68 (0.083–31) |
| Within 1 year | 9/58 (15.5%) |
| Beyond 1 year | 49/58 (84.5%) |
| Type of donor | |
| DCD | 6/58 (10.3%) |
| DBD | 2/58 (3.4%) |
| Deceased, unknown | 16/58 (27.5%) |
| Living | 9/58 (15.5%) |
| Not available | 25/58 (43.1%) |
| Comorbidities | |
| HTN | 40/58 (68.9%) |
| DM | 21/58 (36.2%) |
| CAD | 6/58 (10.3%) |
| COPD | 2/58 (3.4%) |
| Obesity | 3/58 (5.2%) |
| None | 11/58 (18.9%) |
| Clinical presentation | |
| Fever | 49/58 (84.5%) |
| Max. temp (average, SD) | 38.47 (±0.79) |
| Chills | 10/58 (17.2%) |
| Cough | 40/58 (70%) |
| SOB | 33/58 (56.9%) |
| Chest pain/discomfort/tightness | 4/58 (6.9%) |
| Flu-like symptoms | 6/58 (10.3%) |
| Fatigue | 20/58 (34.5%) |
| Myalgia | 9/58 (15.5%) |
| Vomiting | 4/58 (6.9%) |
| Diarrhea | 10/58 (17.2%) |
| Abdominal pain/bloating | 3/58 (5.2%) |
| Nausea | 3/58 (5.2%) |
| Hyporexia/anorexia | 6/58 (10.3%) |
| Headache | 4/58 (6.9%) |
| Dizziness | 2/58 (3.4%) |
| Sore throat | 3/58 (5.2%) |
| Rhinorrhea/nasal congestion/stuffiness | 5/58 (8.6%) |
| Oliguria | 2/58 (3.4%) |
| Laboratory | |
| White Cell Count | |
| Median (SD) per l | 6×10 (±3.4×10) |
| Leukopenia (<4×10/l) | 8/35 (22.8%) |
| Neutrophils count | |
| Median (SD) per l | 3.2×10 (±3.9×10) |
| Neutropenia (<1.5×10/l) | 1/13 (7.6%) |
| Lymphocyte count | |
| Median (SD) per l | 0.6*×10 (±0.72×10) |
| Lymphopenia (<1×10/l) | 34/43 (79%) |
| Initial C-reactive protein (CRP) | |
| Median (SD) | 49 (±92.4) |
| High CRP (>5 mg/dl) | 36/37 (97.2%) |
| Baseline serum creatinine (Cr) | |
| Median (SD) | 1.65 (±0.96) |
| High Cr (>1.2 mg/dL) | 17/20 (85%) |
| Initial serum Creatinine (Cr) | |
| Median (SD) | 1.9 (±1.7) |
| AKI | 13/46 (28.2%) |
| Initial D-dimer | |
| Median (SD) | 1015 (±2485) |
| High D-dimer (>500 μg/L) | 8/11 (72.7%) |
| Initial ALT | |
| Median (SD) | 34 (±39.8) |
| High ALT (>50 U/l) | 11/25 (44%) |
| Initial AST | |
| Median (SD) | 32 (±13.6) |
| High AST (>54 U/l) | 3/20 (15%) |
| Initial lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) | |
| Median (SD) | 266.5 (±311) |
| High LDH (>225 U/l) | 9/13 (69.2%) |