12 November 2021: Original Paper
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Case-Control Study
Alejandro Muñoz Serrano 1ABDEF* , Ana Arias 1ABDE , Víctor Moreno-Torres 1BE , Jorge Calderón 1B , Natalia Vicente 2DE , Valentín Cuervas-Mons 13ADEFDOI: 10.12659/AOT.933152
Ann Transplant 2021; 26:e933152
Table 1 Epidemiological and clinical characteristics.
| All patients (N=116) | SOT-recipients (N=32) | No-SOT patients (N=84) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | ||||
| Median (IQR) | 66 [61.5–71] | 66.5 [63.5–72] | 65.5 [60–70.5] | 0.40 |
| Distribution (%) | ||||
| 28 (24.1) | 6 (18.7) | 22 (26.2) | ||
| 61–70 years | 58 (50) | 17 (53.1) | 41 (48.8) | |
| >71 years | 30 (25.9) | 9 (28.1) | 21 (25) | |
| Female gender (%) | 24 (20.7) | 7 (21.9) | 17 (20.2) | 0.84 |
| Hypertension (%) | 65 (56) | 21 (65.6) | 44 (52.4) | 0.2 |
| Diabetes (%) | 34 (29.3) | 14 (43.7) | 20 (23.8) | 0.03 |
| Chronic heart failure (%) | 15 (12.9) | 10 (31.2) | 5 (5.9) | |
| Coronary heart disease (%) | 11 (9.5) | 5 (15.6) | 6 (7.1) | 0.16 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (%) | 16 (13.8) | 8 (25) | 8 (9.5) | 0.03 |
| Chronic renal disease (%) | 23 (19.8) | 20 (62.5) | 3 (3.6) | |
| Median Charlson Index (IQR) | 3 [2–5.5] | 6 [3–8] | 3 [2–4] | |
| Days from clinical onset to admission (IQR) | 6 (4–9) | 6.5 [3–9.5] | 6 [4–8] | 0.79 |
| Fever on admision (%) | 104 (89.7) | 25 (78.1) | 79 (94.1) | 0.01 |
| Maximum temperature during hospitalization | 0.15 | |||
| 15 (12.9) | 7 (21.9) | 8 (9.5) | ||
| 37.4–38°C (%) | 37 (31.9) | 12 (37.5) | 25 (29.8) | |
| 38.1–39°C (%) | 55 (47.4) | 12 (37.5) | 43 (51.2) | |
| >39°C (%) | 19 (7.7) | 1 (3.1) | 8 (9.5) | |
| Dry cough | 84 (72.4) | 20 (62.5) | 67 (76.2) | 0.14 |
| Dyspnea | 59 (50.9) | 14 (43.7) | 45 (53.6) | 0.34 |
| Diarrhea | 24 (20.7) | 10 (31.2) | 14 (16.7) | 0.08 |
| Myalgia or arthralgia | 42 (36.2) | 11 (34.4) | 31 (36.9) | 0.8 |
| SaO2/FiO2 on admision | 447.62 [428.6–457.1] | 452.38 [442.9–461.9] | 442.86 [419.1–452.4] | |
| Severe ARDS during admision (%) | 37 (31.9) | 9 (28.1) | 28 (33.3) | 0.59 |
| Highest level of respiratory support (%) | ||||
| Room air | 28 (24.1) | 12 (37.5) | 16 (19.1) | 0.07 |
| Nasal cannula | 45 (38.8) | 11 (34.4) | 34 (40.5) | |
| Non-rebreather-mask | 20 (17.2) | 3 (9.4) | 17 (20.2) | |
| High flow or BiPAP | 9 (7.7) | 5 (15.6) | 4 (4.8) | 0.12 |
| Intubation | 14 (12.1) | 1 (3.1) | 13 (15.5) | 0.13 |
| Days to worst respiratory parameters since clinical onset | 11 [9–15] | 15 [10–21] | 11 [9–14] | 0.01 |
| Results are expressed as mean±standard deviation and number (percentage). SOT – solid organ transplant; IQR – interquartile ranges; SaO2/FiO2 – arterial oxygen saturation and inspiratory oxygen fraction ratio; BiPAP – bilevel positive airway pressure. | ||||