08 October 2024 : Original article
Impact of Donor-Recipient Relationship on Long-Term Outcomes in Living-Related Donor Kidney Transplantation
Liping Chen1ACDE, Huaiyong Li2ADE, Tianyu Zhang3BCDF, Hongmei Dong1BCDF, Hongwei Bai1ABCDF*DOI: 10.12659/AOT.945065
Ann Transplant 2024; 29:e945065
Table 1 Demographic characteristics of transplants according to the donor-recipient relationship (n=598).
| Sibling (n=115) | M-t-C (n=228) | F-t-C (n=160) | Spouse (n=55) | Offspring (n=40) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Transplantation time before 2010, n (%) | 41 (35.7)** | 31 (13.6),* | 20 (12.5),* | 19 (34.5)** | 38 (95.0)* |
| Follow-up time (year) ±SD | 8.6±3.9 | 8.8±3.2 | 8.8±3.2 | 8.5±4.0 | 9.0±4.8 |
| Age (year) ±SD | 40.0±8.5** | 29.0±6.0,,* | 30.0±6.1,,* | 41.4±7.0** | 50.4±6.0* |
| Age >50 year, n(%) | 12 (10.4)** | 0,,* | 0,,* | 10 (18.2)** | 18 (45.0) |
| BMI (kg/m) ±SD | 22.6±3.5 | 21.3±3.8 | 21.2±3.9 | 22.8±1.9 | 23.6±3.5 |
| Male, n (%) | 86 (74.8) | 183 (80.1) | 133 (83.1) | 41 (74.5) | 22 (55.0) |
| Cause of ESRD | |||||
| Unkown, n (%) | 43 (37.4) | 78 (34.2) | 55 (34.3) | 22 (40.0) | 15 (37.5) |
| Glomerular disease, n (%) | 53 (46.1) | 111 (48.6) | 76 (47.8) | 21 (38.2) | 13 (32.5) |
| Interstitial nephropathy, n (%) | 8 (6.9) | 20 (8.8) | 15 (9.4) | 5 (9.1) | 3 (7.5) |
| Hypertensive nephropathy, n (%) | 1 (0.9) | 0 | 0 | 1 (3.6) | 1 (2.5) |
| Diabetes nephropathy, n (%) | 3 (2.6)** | 4 (1.8)** | 2 (1.3)** | 3 (9.1) | 6 (15.0)* |
| Other, n (%) | 7 (6.1) | 15 (6.6) | 12 (7.5) | 3 (5.0) | 2 (5.0) |
| Dialysis duration (day), median [IQR] | 436 [141, 552] | 454 [190, 551] | 533 [220, 647] | 554 [99, 632] | 415 [83, 687] |
| Dialysis mode (HD/PD, n) | 113/2 | 228/0 | 160/0 | 53/2 | 38/2 |
| Pretransplant comorbidity | |||||
| Hyperuricemia, n (%) | 61 (53.0) | 114 (50.0) | 84 (52.5) | 30 (54.5) | 24 (60.0) |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 59 (51.3) | 106 (46.5) | 68 (42.9) | 25 (45.5) | 23 (57.5) |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 7 (6.1),** | 7 (3.1)** | 4 (2.5)** | 4 (7.3) | 8 (20.0)* |
| Cardiovascular disease n (%) | 25 (21.7)** | 34 (14.9)** | 25 (15.6)** | 13 (23.6) | 16 (40)* |
| Age (year) ±SD | 38.2±9.5** | 52.2±6.5,,* | 55.8±6.8,,* | 42.1±8.4** | 25.5±3.1* |
| Age >50 year, n (%) | 22 (19.1) | 129 (56.6),,* | 121 (75.6),,* | 11 (20.0) | 0 |
| Age gradient (year) ±SD | 5.9±4.9** | 24.2±4.2,* | 25.1±4.4,* | 2.6±2.0** | 24.9±4.1* |
| Female, n (%) | 60 (52.2)** | 228 (100),,* | 0 | 41 (74.5)** | 0 |
| BMI (kg/m) ±SD | 22.8±3.0 | 23.4±3.6 | 23.1±3.2 | 22.3±2.7 | 22.5±2.8 |
| Cold ischemia time (hour) ±SD | 1.2±0.2 | 1.3±0.1 | 1.4±0.3 | 1.2±0.3 | 1.3±0.2 |
| Warm ischemia time (minute) ±SD | 2.1±0.5 | 2.2±0.4 | 2.5±0.3 | 2.3±0.2 | 2.2±0.3 |
| HLA matching (number) ±SD | 4.1±0.2 | 3.8±0.2 | 3.9±0.2 | 1.4±0.4* | 3.8±0.3 |
| HLA class I matching (number) ±SD | 3.0±0.1 | 2.8±0.1 | 2.8±0.2 | 0.9±0.1 | 2.9±0.2 |
| HLA class II matching (number) ±SD | 1.2±0.2 | 1.1±0.1 | 1.2±0.1 | 0.6±0.1 | 1.0±0.3 |
| Antibody Induction, n (%) | 84 (73.0) | 170 (74.6) | 120 (75.0) | 45 (81.8)** | 24 (60.0) |
| ATG | 5 (4.3) | 10 (4.4) | 9 (5.6) | 8 (14.5) | 0 |
| IL-2 RA | 75 (65.2) | 154 (67.5) | 106 (66.2) | 35 (63.6) | 16 (40.0) |
| ALG | 4 (3.5) | 6 (2.6) | 5 (3.1) | 2 (3.6) | 8 (2.0) |
| None induction, n (%) | 31 (27.0) | 58 (25.4) | 40 (25.0) | 10 (18.2) | 16 (40.0) |
| CsA+MPA+steroids, n (%) | 16 (13.9) | 28 (12.3) | 25 (15.6) | 6 (10.9) | 3 (7.5) |
| Tac+MPA+steroids, n (%) | 92 (80.0) | 190 (83.3) | 130 (81.3) | 45 (81.8) | 34 (85.0) |
| Other, n (%) | 7 (6.1) | 10 (4.4) | 5 (3.1) | 4 (7.3) | 3 (7.5) |
| * p ** p # p ALG – anti-lymphocyte immunoglobulin; ATG – antithymocyte immunoglobulin; BMI – body mass index; CsA – Cyclosporine A; ESRD – end stage of renal disease; F-to-C – father-to-child; HD – hemodialysis; HLA – human leukocyte antigen; IL-2 RA – interlukin-2 receptor antagonist; IQR – interquartile range; MMF – mycophenolate mofetil; M-to-C – mother-to-child; Offspring – kidney from offspring; PD – peritoneal dialysis; SD – standard deviation; Scr – serum creatinine; Tac – tacrolimus; Sibling – kidney from sibling donor; Spouse – kidney from spousal donor. | |||||