12 January 2022 : Original article
Risk Factors for Developing BK Virus-Associated Nephropathy: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study of Kidney Transplant Recipients
Camilla Lorant1ABCDEF*, Gabriel Westman
1ACDE, Anders Bergqvist2BE, Bengt von Zur-Mühlen3AE, Britt-Marie Eriksson1ACDEF
DOI: 10.12659/AOT.934738
Ann Transplant 2022; 27:e934738
Table 1 Demographics and clinical characteristics of kidney- and kidney/pancreas graft recipients with and without BK virus-associated nephropathy, n (%).
| All (n=928) | BKVAN (n=44) | Non BKVAN (n=884) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| BKVAN | 44 (4.7) | ||
| Time to BKVAN (d) | 239 (46–1039) | ||
| Time of follow-up (m) | 83 (6–169) | 72 (19–144) | 83 (6–169) |
| Male sex | 559 (60.2) | 33 (75.0) | 526 (59.5) |
| Age | 53.1 | 54.6 | 53.0 |
| Weight | 75.9 | 77.5 | 75.8 |
| Height | 172.3 | 174.0 | 172.3 |
| BMI | 25.5 | 25.5 | 25.5 |
| Diabetes | 281 (30.3) | 16 (36.3) | 265 (30.0) |
| Primary cause of renal failure | |||
| Glomerulonephritis | 246 (26.5) | 11 (25.0) | 235 (26.6) |
| Diabetes | 219 (23.6) | 13 (29.5) | 206 (23.3) |
| Cystic/Hereditary/Congenital | 163 (17.6) | 6 (13.6) | 157 (17.8) |
| Hypertension/Large vessel disease | 97 (10.5) | 7 (15.9) | 90 (10.2) |
| Miscellaneous/unknown | 88 (9.5) | 5 (11.4) | 83 (9.4) |
| Interstitial nephritis/pyelonephritis | 67 (7.2) | 0 (0) | 67 (7.6) |
| Vasculitis/Secondary glomerulonephritis | 35 (3.8) | 0 (0) | 35 (4.0) |
| Neoplasms/Tumors | 13 (1.4) | 2 (4.5) | 11 (1.2) |
| Simultaneous pancreas tx | 103 (11.1) | 6 (13.6) | 97 (11.0) |
| ABO incompatible | 93 (10.0) | 6 (13.6) | 87 (9.8) |
| First tx | 789 (85.0) | 37 (84.1) | 752 (85.1) |
| Second tx | 109 (11.7) | 4 (9.1) | 105 (11.9) |
| Third or more tx | 30 (3.2) | 3 (6.8) | 27 (3.1) |
| Living donor | 350 (37.7) | 13 (29.5) | 337 (38.1) |
| Donor age | 51.1 | 51.9 | 51.0 |
| Donor male sex | 419 (45.2) | 21 (47.7) | 398 (45.0) |
| Recipient CMV+ | 663 (71.4) | 34 (77.3) | 629 (71.2) |
| Donor CMV+ | 704 (75.9) | 35 (79.5) | 669 (75.7) |
| CMV mismatch (d+/r−) | 178 (19.2) | 8 (18.2) | 170 (19.2) |
| Delayed graft function (d) | 2.1 | 2.4 | 2.1 |
| Enhanced induction | 138 (14.9) | 7 (15.9) | 131 (14.8) |
| Induction with IVIg | 93 (10.0) | 6 (13.6) | 87 (9.8) |
| Rejection treatment | 208 (22.4) | 18 (40.9) | 190 (21.5) |
| SM-resistant rejection treatment | 102 (11.0) | 5 (11.4) | 97 (11.0) |
| Graft loss or death | 244 (26.3) | 20 (45.5) | 224 (25.3) |
| Death | 202 (21.8) | 16 (36.4) | 186 (21.0) |
| The number of patients with rejection treatment in the BKVAN group in this table is both prior to, concurrent with, and after developing BKVAN. | |||