30 April 2024 : Original article
Does Antibiotic Use Increase the Risk of Post-Transplantation Diabetes Mellitus? A Retrospective Study of Renal Transplant Patients
Zhenwei Jiang1BCDEF, Caomei Xu1CE, Huan Hou2C, Xuping Yang1D, Minyan Qian1B, Lian Zuo1B, Peipei Wang3B, Qing Qian1D, Yan Jiang1B, Nan Hu1AG*DOI: 10.12659/AOT.943282
Ann Transplant 2024; 29:e943282
Supplementary Table 1 Information on patient antibiotic use during hospitalization and differences in particular antibiotic use between PTDM patients and non-PTDM patients after renal transplantation (n=409).
| Antibiotic class | Antibiotic name | Subjects, n | Average days of use | PTDM (n=37), n (%) | Non-PTDM (n=372), n (%) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Penicillins | Piperacillin-tazobactam | 229 | 11.1±5.4 | 26 (70.3) | 203 (54.6) | 0.067 |
| Mezlocillin-sulbactam | 15 | 7.1±4.2 | 1 (2.7) | 14 (3.8) | >0.999 | |
| Amoxicillin-clavulanate | 12 | 11.2±7.2 | 1 (2.7) | 11 (3.0) | >0.999 | |
| Benzathine-benzylpenicillin | 14 | 12.7±8.0 | 3 (8.1) | 11 (3.0) | 0.242 | |
| Second generation Cephalosporins | Cefotiam | 64 | 9.0±5.9 | 2 (5.4) | 29 (7.8) | 0.843 |
| Cefaclor | 1 (2.7) | 26 (7.0) | 0.513 | |||
| Cefuroxime | ||||||
| Third generation Cephalosporins | Cefoperazone-sulbactam | 162 | 10.3±4.5 | 3 (8.1) | 15 (4.0) | 0.464 |
| Ceftizoxime | ||||||
| Ceftriaxone | 2 (5.4) | 61 (16.4) | 0.127 | |||
| Ceftazidime | 3 (8.1) | 33 (8.9) | >0.999 | |||
| Cefodizime | 2 (5.4) | 37 (9.9) | 0.576 | |||
| Cefdinir | ||||||
| Carbapenems | Imipenem-cilastatin | 156 | 10.6±5.0 | 21 (56.8) | 135 (36.3) | 0.015 |
| Meropenem | 12 | 10.4±7.3 | ||||
| Biapenem | 6 | 9.8±3.4 | ||||
| Oxazolidinones | Linezolid | 139 | 9.4±4.4 | 17 (45.9) | 122 (32.8) | 0.107 |
| Quinolones | Moxifloxacin | 100 | 8.9±4.6 | 9 (27.3) | 91 (24.5) | 0.985 |
| Levofloxacin | 16 | 7.2±3.0 | 6 (16.2) | 10 (2.7) | ||
| Ciprofloxacin | 4 | 7.0±2.9 | ||||
| Sulfonamides | Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole | 29 | 11.9±9.7 | 5 (13.5) | 24 (6.5) | 0.208 |
| Glycopeptides | Vancomycin | 20 | 8.4±4.2 | 3 (8.1) | 17 (4.6) | 0.581 |
| Aminoglycosides | Etimicin | 16 | 7.8±3.0 | 2 (5.4) | 14 (3.8) | 0.963 |
| Polymyxins | Polymyxin B | 8 | 9.1±4.8 | |||
| Tetracyclines | Tigecycline | 12 | 6.7±5.6 | 2 (5.4) | 10 (2.7) | 0.208 |
| Minocycline | 7 | 10.3±1.4 | ||||
| Macrolides | Azithromycin | 4 | 8.5±4.0 | |||
| Roxithromycin | 1 | 10 | ||||
| Antibiotics were used to prevent infection during the perioperative period. Each recipient received multiple antibiotics, and the subjects were repeatedly enrolled. Antibiotics were classified by antibiotic class and specific antibiotic. Values are expressed as the mean±standard deviation and number (%). Categorical variables were analyzed by the chi-square test, as appropriate, and quantitative variables were analyzed by Student’s t tests. For each particular antibiotic, we included subjects if they received the particular antibiotic during hospitalization after renal transplantation. | ||||||