Logo Annals of Transplantation Logo Annals of Transplantation Logo Annals of Transplantation

15 December 2002

Retroviral Safety: Analyses of Phylogeny, Prevalence and Polymorphisms of Porcine Endogenous Retroviruses

M Niebert, R Kurth, R R Tönjes

Ann Transplant 2003; 8(3): 56-64 :: ID: 7533

Abstract

Porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERV) are discussed as putative infectious agents in xenotransplantation (XTx). PERV classes A, B, and C harboring different envelope proteins and two types of long terminal repeat (LTR) structures exist. One type of LTR contains a distinct repeat structure in U3, while the other is repeat-less and confers poor transcriptional activity. As the different LTR structures were found to be distributed unequally among the proviruses, we were interested in determining which LTR is the ancestor. Since replication-competent PERV can still be found today suggesting an evolutionary recent origin, we investigated the distribution and prevalence of six well-characterized and chromosomally assigned PERV in individuals of five different pig (Suidae, Sus scrofa) subspecies. Our studies revealed a heterogenous distribution of replication-competent PERV among individuals as well as among subspecies. The age of PERV was calculated to be 7.6x106 years, whereby the repeat-less LTR type evolved approximately 3.4x106 years ago being the phylogenetically younger structure. The age correlates with the time of separation between pigs and their closest relatives, american-borne peccaries (Tayassuidae, Pecari tajacu), 7.4x106 years ago.

Add Comment 0 Comments

330 1

In Press

06 Jun 2023 : Original article  

A 15-Year Retrospective Study of Supportive Extracorporeal Therapies Including Plasma Exchange and Continuo...

Ann Transplant In Press; DOI: 10.12659/AOT.939745  

02 Jun 2023 : Original article  

Survival analysis of transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy under different diagnostic criteria a...

Ann Transplant In Press; DOI: 10.12659/AOT.939890  

10 May 2023 : Original article  

Incidence of Thromboembolic Complications Following Kidney Transplantation with Short and Extended Aspirin ...

Ann Transplant In Press; DOI: 10.12659/AOT.939143  

Most Viewed Current Articles

24 Aug 2021 : Review article  

Normothermic Machine Perfusion (NMP) of the Liver – Current Status and Future Perspectives

DOI :10.12659/AOT.931664

Ann Transplant 2021; 26:e931664

26 Jan 2022 : Review article  

Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Liver Transplantation: Risk Factors and Predictive Models

DOI :10.12659/AOT.934924

Ann Transplant 2022; 27:e934924

29 Dec 2021 : Original article  

Efficacy and Safety of Tacrolimus-Based Maintenance Regimens in De Novo Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Sys...

DOI :10.12659/AOT.933588

Ann Transplant 2021; 26:e933588

15 Mar 2022 : Case report  

Combined Liver, Pancreas-Duodenum, and Kidney Transplantation for Patients with Hepatitis B Cirrhosis, Urem...

DOI :10.12659/AOT.935860

Ann Transplant 2022; 27:e935860

Your Privacy

We use cookies to ensure the functionality of our website, to personalize content and advertising, to provide social media features, and to analyze our traffic. If you allow us to do so, we also inform our social media, advertising and analysis partners about your use of our website, You can decise for yourself which categories you you want to deny or allow. Please note that based on your settings not all functionalities of the site are available. View our privacy policy.

Annals of Transplantation eISSN: 2329-0358
Annals of Transplantation eISSN: 2329-0358