Background: Liver transplantation (LTx) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in cirrhotic liver is nowadays generally accepted treatment modality.
Aim of Study: Overview of the indications and results of the LTx in the patients with HCC, the first one performed in 2001.
Material/Methods: Among 357 adult liver transplant recipients in the period 1994–04.2005, in 26 (7%) the indication was HCC (16 men: 10 women, age 20–65, mean 46.5 years). HCC developed in cirrhotic liver in 25 pts. 12 (48%) were Child C, 10 (30%) – Child B and 3 (12%) – Child A patients. As underlying disease in 2 patients (8%) was alcoholic cirrhosis, in 7 (28%) – HBV cirrhosis, in 12 (48%) – HCV cirrhosis and in 4 (16%) – HBV/HCV cirrhosis. Milano criteria were met in 20 patients (77%). The mean waiting list time was 2.9 months (range 1–6 months). Seven patients underwent liver resection and 1 transarterial chemoembolization prior to LTx. 11 patients (42%) were operated on with use of veno-venous bypass, in 15 patients (58%) the piggy back technique was applied. Rapamycine based immunosuppression was preferred in post-LTx treatment.
Results: Operative mortality was 0. 4 patients required relaparotomy for intraperitoneal bleeding. 21 patients (81%) are alive in good general condition, 19 – free of the disease. 5 patients died 7–28 months after LTx (mean 16.7). The mean survival time is 20 months (range 1–38).
Conclusions: Liver transplantation is safe and effective method of treatment of the selected patients with HCC in cirrhotic liver. Further investigations concerning the precise indications, timing of the transplantation and adjuvant treatment are necessary.

Keywords: liver transplantation (LTX), Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)