New medical technologies are products of human mind and the result of development in the field of diagnostic techniques, pharmacotherapy and biotechnology. Transplantation medicine, which is also a new medical technology, differs from the others in that it requires a living organ obtained from a dead person or a living donor. Development of market economy and globalization have made the new technologies available almost in every country. Along with them some expectations have come up among the societies, that what is possible – soon will be available. This applies also to transplantation medicine. However, its availability is restricted by flawed or misinterpreted regulations, ethical and social barriers, and financial potential. Transplantation process depends enormously on economical conditions and attitude of both the society, and the medical profession.

Keywords: Ethics, Social Barriers, economy, globalization, Transplantation