Background: Chemokine receptor 5 (CCR-5) plays a central role in allograft rejection. CCR-5Δ32 mutation results in a non-functioning receptor. Homozygous CCR-5Δ32 patients show a significantly improved kidney graft survival rate compared to CCR-5 wild-type patients. Similar correlations between the CCR-5Δ32 genotype and acute rejection or graft survival rate were shown for heart, lung and islet cell transplantation.
Material/Methods: The aim of this study was to examine CCR-5Δ32 and acute rejection after liver transplantation (OLT). 158 OLT patients were genotyped. Data of grafts and patients were collected prospectively into a transplant database.
Results: There were no significant differences between groups regarding patient, donor or graft variables. CCR-5 wild-type patients had explicitly more acute rejection episodes (p=0.086) than patients with the heterozygous or homozygous Δ32-mutation. Homozygous Δ32 patients had no acute rejection episodes. 12.5% of heterozygous patients had one acute rejection episode as opposed to 30.6% of wild-type patients. Only wild-type patients experienced more than one rejection episode.
Conclusions: Patients with the Δ32-mutation might be candidates for a minimized immunosuppressive therapy. CCR-5 could be relevant as a target for a new therapeutic approach.

Keywords: Liver Transplantation, Rejection