Background: The objective was to evaluate contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) based cholangiography compared to conventional radiography as a reference method in patients after liver transplantation.
Material/Methods: Contrast agents were administered through T-tubes, which were placed during the operation. Twelve patients with side-to-side choledocho-choledochostomy and standardized intraoperative T-tube placement were investigated on the 5th postoperative day (POD 5) with both techniques. All images were digitally acquired and assessed in consensus by two investigators regarding complete anatomic visualization, depiction of pathology (e.g. delayed contrast outflow, stenosis and leakage) and general image quality.
Results: CEUS cholangiography showed comparable results in the detection of biliary pathology and overall image quality. Regarding the visualization of the extrahepatic bile duct CEUS produced limited results in 6 patients.
Conclusions: In conclusion, CEUS cholangiography via T-tube represents a potential bedside test for visualization of intrahepatic bile ducts of transplanted livers; its diagnostic value remains to be determined in further studies.

Keywords: Liver Transplantation, t-drain, Biliary Tract, imaging