BACKGROUND: Fusarium spp. infections have become an emerging and lethal threat to the immunocompromised patient population, especially those with neutropenia. Recently there have been increased reports in solid organ transplant recipients. Presentation is commonly as soft tissue infections several months post-transplant. With high morbidity and mortality, efficacious antifungal therapy is essential. This remains challenging with limited data and no established clinical breakpoints defined.

CASE REPORT: We report on a modified multi-visceral transplant patient that developed a Fusarium infection only 7 weeks post-transplant in the native hard palate and esophagus, without any soft tissue lesions, which persisted despite aggressive combination treatment with amphotericin B lipid complex and voriconazole.

CONCLUSIONS: Fusarium spp. infection in solid organ transplant is a significant challenge without clear diagnostic clinical indicators of infection, or specific time of onset, in addition to possible emergence of a more aggressive drug-resistant strain.

Keywords: Drug Resistance, Fungal, Fusarium, Organ Transplantation